Water Problem on Storage Tank

On the daily life we often need storage tank to stock clean water. This stock water can't be keep too long on the storage tank because if too long keep on the storage tank the problem sometimes arise on water storage tank. If water supply already proceed perfectly maybe the problem will not arise even long time keep on the water storage, but still can't too long because other contamination of microorganism may be come to the water storage.

If your water supply already clean you can keep for one week, but if your water supply have bad quality may only one day your water can stock on the storage because your water quality will change very fast on the storage tank.

The common problem on the storage tank usually will grow moss after keep only for 3 days on the storage tank. This condition can make we really busy to the clean the storage tank every 3 days. The growing of moss very fast especially if expose to sunlight, either directly or non directly. The growing of moss will make water have fishy smell, and much of moss dilute on the water. If this condition is let too long will arise sludge of moss on the storage tank.

On my experience those condition can be overcome by covering the torn with opaque roof or by painting the torn with white color.  White color to make sunlight is re-emitted not absorb by the color of torn. To make sunlight can't through the torn make thick paint for your torn surface.

Clean Water Availability

The growth rate of the Indonesian population is estimated on the average at 1.2% per year and by 2020 it could reach 250 million. The rapid growth of the population will also affect the need for clean water. Unfortunately, data from the Ministry of Health cited that 60% of rivers in Indonesia are polluted, from organic materials to bacteria causing diarrhea such as fecal coliform. River water should be the source of life of surrounding communities but instead the many polluted rivers impact the health of communities. In relation to this, World Water Day is celebrated each year on March 22 and can serve as a reminder to us on the importance of clean water availability and sustainability for human kind.

Water pollution in Indonesia today is quite serious and is caused by such things as domestic waste, such as detergent water, kitchen waste, and human excrement (feces). Wastes are disposed of in various forms: liquid, gas, and solids. Data released by the State of Environment Report (SoER) of the Ministry of Environment in 2012 cited that water pollution in Indonesia has increased especially from domestic sewage. Globally, water pollution is caused by domestic liquid waste, domestic waste, and inappropriate land use. It is compounded by 30% of communities which still defacate in fresh surface water sources. Every day in this country, approximately 14 thousand tonnes of human excrement are yet to be managed properly causing a decrease in water quality.

The Head of the Environmental Pollution Division of the Agency for Development and Application of Technology (BPPT), Rudi Nugroho, talking to Media Indonesia, Tuesday (March 01) admitted that domestic waste coming from detergent is quite high. Consequently, clean water availability which should have been 40%, currently is only 18 %.

It is very important to educate the communities on the importance of maintaining the quality and
availability of water, he said. The communities must learn to stop littering in and around rivers to prevent damage to the ecosystem. This was in line with what was said by the Manager of the Water and Food Campaign of the NGO Walhi, Muhammad Ishlah. He said that, it will need the involvement of the community promote environmental health efforts. “The government's role in the rehabilitation of water quality must also be done sustainably such as to rehabilitate water spring areas. Collaboration between the government and the community must be established.”

Several Solutions
Rudi Nugroho said that there are several solutions to enhance water quality affected by domestic waste. Several measures can be taken by the communiy to neutralize waste water from hazardous materials, i.e. biological, chemical, and physical measurement biological test management is considered relatively inexpensive and efficient by using bacteria which cause precipitation of solid material. “The more microbes, the more decomposition provided there is adjustment of the source of
flow through septic tanks“, he explained.

According to BPS data from a 2012 report, from 2006 to 2011 nationwide the percentage of houses equipped with septic tanks increased from 40.7% to 60.3%. Secondly, physical waste management involves filtering large substances and separating suspensions which are easy to precipitate. Thus the disposed waste water will no longer contain oil or grease. However this process requires a long period of time and is complicated. “As for chemical waste management, it can be done by spreading electrolytes such as alum to eliminate particles which are not easy to precipitate, such as organic compounds.” Other measures can be taken, he added, by creating a separation between bathroom and kitchen wastes. “By that measure, domestic waste will not pollute the environment as it flows into the culverts,“ he proposed. (S-1)

Parameters Test For Drinking Water

Some parameters should be tested to control the quality of drinking water, in order to keep best performance of drinking water. If you just use drinking water for yourself it is up to you, to decide when and how to test your water, but if drinking water is used for community, you must test regularly the important parameters in quality drinking water.

Recommended testing every year must test for bacteria, the most water quality problem. Other test may be required depending on where the drinking water is taken. You can select from the table below that identify the test needed for drinking water supply come from.

Specific testing for certain condition of drinking water supply is coming:

And the limit of each substance on the test result should be as follows:

 

Water Standard and source of contamination

Standard of water contaminant have been released because of that substance can make problem to human body if over the limit, and that substance can source from the surrounding from animal or even from human body. Here is the list of water contamination and source of contaminant:

Microorganisms Contaminant
Contaminant	Limit mg/liter	MLC or TT mg/liter	Potential Health Effect	Source of contamination
Giardia Lambilia	0	TT	Gastrointestinal illness (Such as diarrhea, vomitting, and cramps)	Human and animal fecal waste
Heterotrophic plate count (HPC)	0	TT	Gastrointestinal illness (Such as diarrhea, vomitting, and cramps)	Human and animal fecal waste
Leqionella	0	TT	Legionaire's Disease, a type of pneumonia	natually in water, multiples in heating system
Total Coliforms (incl fecal coliform and E. Coli)	0	5 %	Not health threat in itself, it is used to indicate whether other potentially harmful bacteria may be present	Come from nature. fecal coliforms and E. Coli only come from human and animal fecal waste
Turbidity	n/a	TT	turbidity is a measure of the cloudness of water. It is used to indicate water quality and filtration effectiveness. Higher turbidity levels are often associated with higher levels of disease - causing microorganism such as viruses, parasites, and some bacteria	soil runoff
Viruses (enteric)	0	TT	Gastrointestinal illness (such as diarrhea, vomiting, and cramps)	Human and animal fecal waste